Aggregate demand, effective demand, slack, stabilization policy, and how governments intervene when markets stall.
Why many post-Keynesians say 'loans create deposits,' what central banks still control, and how this view changes macro without denying liquidity preference or Minskyan fragility.
How John Hicks’s IS-LM diagram became the world’s first map of macro—and why Joan Robinson, post-Keynesians, and modern finance-critics still argue it hid what mattered in Keynes.
A public job for everyone who wants one sounds simple in a slogan. Here is what post-Keynesian and MMT-leaning supporters claim, what skeptics—mainstream to heterodox—worry about, and how the fight is as much public administration as macroeconomics.
Nicholas Kaldor's empirical regularities, Verdoorn's law linking productivity to output growth, and why clear-eyed macro narrative still matters after the DSGE turn.
Keynes’s theory of liquidity preference reframes interest as the reward for giving up money—a choice shaped by uncertainty, expectations, and finance. Here is how it works, how it differs from loanable-funds intuition, and why it still matters for slumps and central banking.
How a Polish émigré who worked at Oxford anticipated modern political macroeconomics: class conflict over full employment, why elections shape fiscal and monetary policy, and why the business cycle is never purely technical.
The Keynesian multiplier sounds like a magic trick: spend a dollar, get more than a dollar of income. Here is the clean logic, the leakages that limit it, and the open-economy and financial caveats that keep it from being a universal free lunch.
Piero Sraffa’s slim 1960 book relaunched classical questions about prices, distribution, and capital. Here is what it tries to do, why reswitching rattled neoclassical capital theory, and how it connects to the Cambridge capital controversies.
How Minsky's financial instability hypothesis explains why stability breeds instability — and why the mainstream ignored him until 2008 proved him right.
A chapter-by-chapter guide to Keynes's 1936 masterwork — what he actually argued, how it was received, and how the IS-LM translation both spread and simplified his ideas.